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Title:	Quarterly Labour Force Survey, January - March, 1996
Keywords:	ABSENTEEISM ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ACCIDENTS ADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATIONS ADVANCED SUPPLEMENTARY LEVEL EXAMINATIONS AGE ALLERGIES APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT APPOINTMENT TO JOB APPRENTICESHIP ATTITUDES BONUS PAYMENTS BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION COUNCIL AWARDS BUSINESSES CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES CARE OF DEPENDANTS CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE OF SIXTH YEAR STUDIES CHILD BENEFITS CHILD CARE CHILD DAY CARE CHILDREN CHRONIC ILLNESS CITIZENSHIP CITY AND GUILDS OF LONDON INSTITUTE AWARDS COLLECTIVE BARGAINING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS COHABITATION COMMUTING COMPANIES CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT DEBILITATIVE ILLNESS DEGREES DEPRESSION DIABETES DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS DISABILITIES DISABLED PERSONS DISMISSAL DISTANCE LEARNING DOMESTIC RESPONSIBILITIES EARLY RETIREMENT ECONOMIC ACTIVITY EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL CERTIFICATES EDUCATIONAL COURSES EDUCATIONAL FEES EDUCATIONAL FINANCE EDUCATIONAL GRANTS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES ELDERLY EMPLOYEES EMPLOYER-SPONSORED TRAINING EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES EMPLOYMENT SERVICES ENDOCRINE DISORDERS EPILEPSY ETHNIC GROUPS EVENING SCHOOLS EXAMINATIONS FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FIELDS OF STUDY FULL-TIME EMPLOYMENT FURNISHED ACCOMMODATION GENDER GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION GENERAL NATIONAL VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION GENERAL SCOTTISH VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION HEADS OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER NATIONAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA HOLIDAYS HOME BUYING HOME OWNERSHIP HOME-BASED WORK HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HOUSING TENURE IMMIGRATION IN-SERVICE TRAINING INCOME INDUSTRIES INFANT SCHOOLS INJURIES INVESTMENT RETURN INVOLUNTARY SHORT TIME WORKING JOB CHANGING JOB DESCRIPTION JOB HUNTING JOB SEEKER'S ALLOWANCE LABOUR DISPUTES LABOUR FORCE LANDLORDS LEARNING DISABILITIES LEAVE MANAGERS MARITAL STATUS MATERNITY LEAVE MATERNITY PAY MENTAL DISORDERS METHODS OF PAYMENT MORTGAGES MOTOR VEHICLES MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES NATIONAL IDENTITY NATIONAL VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION NATIONALITY NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES OCCUPATIONAL PENSIONS OCCUPATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY OCCUPATIONAL TRAINING OCCUPATIONS ONE-PARENT FAMILIES ORDINARY LEVEL EXAMINATIONS ORDINARY NATIONAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA ORGANIZATIONS OVERTIME PART-TIME COURSES PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT PATERNITY LEAVE PHOBIAS PLACE OF BIRTH PLACE OF RESIDENCE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR QUALIFICATIONS REBATES RECRUITMENT REDUNDANCY REDUNDANCY PAY RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION RENTED ACCOMMODATION RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES RETIREMENT ROAD ACCIDENTS ROYAL SOCIETY OF ARTS AWARDS SANDWICH COURSES SCOTTISH CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION SCOTTISH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION COUNCIL AWARDS SCOTTISH VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT SELF-EMPLOYED SHARED HOME OWNERSHIP SHIFT WORK SICK LEAVE SICK PAY SICK PERSONS SKIN DISEASES SMALL BUSINESSES SOCIAL CLASS SOCIAL HOUSING SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS SPEECH IMPAIRMENTS SPOUSES STATE RETIREMENT PENSIONS STUDENTS SUBSIDIARY EMPLOYMENT SUPERVISORS SUPERVISORY STATUS TAX RELIEF TAXATION TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TERMINATION OF SERVICE TIED HOUSING TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP TRADE UNIONS TRAINING TRAINING CENTRES TRAINING COURSES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNFURNISHED ACCOMMODATION UNWAGED WORKERS VISION IMPAIRMENTS VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL EDUCATION CERTIFICATES WAGES WELSH (LANGUAGE) WORKING CONDITIONS HOURS OF WORK WORKPLACE 1996 United Kingdom
Description:	<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p><strong>Background</strong><br>The <em>Labour Force Survey</em> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The Annual Population Survey, also held at the UK Data Archive, is derived from the LFS.</p> <p>The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973, then between 1984 and 1991 the survey was carried out annually and consisted of a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter (data were then collected seasonally). From 1992 quarterly data were made available, with a quarterly sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. The survey then became known as the <em>Quarterly Labour Force Survey</em> (QLFS). From December 1994, data gathering for Northern Ireland moved to a full quarterly cycle to match the rest of the country, so the QLFS then covered the whole of the UK (though some additional annual Northern Ireland LFS datasets are also available). Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation.<br><br><strong>LFS Documentation</strong><br>The documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each user guide volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned. However, volumes are updated periodically by ONS, so users are advised to check the latest documents on the ONS <a title="Labour Force Survey - User Guidance" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyuserguidance">Labour Force Survey - User Guidance</a> pages before commencing analysis.<strong>This is especially important for users of older QLFS studies, where information and guidance in the user guide documents may have changed over time.<br></strong><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">New reweighting policy</span><br>Following the <a href="http://doc.ukdataservice.ac.uk/doc/8343/mrdoc/pdf/biennial_lfs_aps_reweighting_policy.pdf" target="_blank">new reweighting policy</a><a href="http://doc.ukdataservice.ac.uk/doc/8343/mrdoc/pdf/biennial_lfs_aps_reweighting_policy.pdf" target="_blank"></a> ONS has reviewed the latest population estimates made available during 2019 and have decided not to carry out a 2019 LFS and APS reweighting exercise. Therefore, the next reweighting exercise will take place in 2020. These will incorporate the 2019 Sub-National Population Projection data (published in May 2020) and 2019 Mid-Year Estimates (published in June 2020). It is expected that reweighted Labour Market aggregates and microdata will be published towards the end of 2020/early 2021.<br><br><strong>Additional data derived from the QLFS</strong><br>The Archive also holds further QLFS series: Secure Access datasets (see below); household datasets; two-quarter and five-quarter longitudinal datasets; quarterly, annual and ad hoc module datasets compiled for Eurostat; and some additional annual Northern Ireland datasets.<br><br><strong>End User Licence and Secure Access QLFS data</strong><br>Users should note that there are two discrete versions of the QLFS. One is available under the standard End User Licence (EUL) agreement, and the other is a Secure Access version. The EUL version includes country and Government Office Region geography, 3-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and 3-digit industry group for main, second and last job (from July-September 2015, 4-digit industry class is available for main job only).<br><br>The Secure Access version contains more detailed variables relating to:</p> <ul> <li>age: single year of age, year and month of birth, age completed full-time education and age obtained highest qualification, age of oldest dependent child and age of youngest dependent child</li> <li>family unit and household: including a number of variables concerning the number of dependent children in the family according to their ages, relationship to head of household and relationship to head of family</li> <li>nationality and country of origin</li> <li>finer detail geography: including county, unitary/local authority, place of work, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2 (NUTS2) and NUTS3 regions, and whether lives and works in same local authority district, and other categories;</li> <li>health: including main health problem, and current and past health problems</li> <li>education and apprenticeship: including numbers and subjects of various qualifications and variables concerning apprenticeships</li> <li>industry: including industry, industry class and industry group for main, second and last job, and industry made redundant from</li> <li>occupation: including 5-digit industry subclass and 4-digit SOC for main, second and last job and job made redundant from</li> <li>system variables: including week number when interview took place and number of households at address</li> <li>other additional detailed variables may also be included.</li> </ul> <p>The Secure Access datasets (SNs 6727 and 7674) have more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users will need to gain ONS Accredited Researcher status, complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables. Users are strongly advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements.<br><br><strong>Changes to Country of Birth and Nationality variables, 2017</strong>:<br>Following a disclosure review in 2016 by the ONS Data Access Team, changes have been made to the LFS Country of Birth and Nationality variables from the July-September 2017 quarter. Four new variables have been created and four variables removed. The new groupings are consistent with those published by the Migration Statistics Unit and so should facilitate users to carry out required analysis of Country of Birth and Nationality. The variables added are: CRYOX7_EUL_Main, CRYOX7_EUL_Sub, NATOX7_EUL_Main and NATOX7_EUL_Sub. The variables removed are: CRYO7, CRYOX7, NATO7 and NATOX7.<br><br><strong>Variables DISEA and LNGLST</strong><br>Dataset A08 (Labour market status of disabled people) which ONS suspended due to an apparent discontinuity between April to June 2017 and July to September 2017 is now available. As a result of this apparent discontinuity and the inconclusive investigations at this stage, comparisons should be made with caution between April to June 2017 and subsequent time periods. However users should note that the estimates are not seasonally adjusted, so some of the change between quarters could be due to seasonality. Further recommendations on historical comparisons of the estimates will be given in November 2018 when ONS are due to publish estimates for July to September 2018. An ONS Methodology section article on <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/analysisofthediscontinuityinthelabourforcesurveydisabilitydataapriltojune2017tojulytoseptember2017">Analysis of the discontinuity in the Labour Force Survey disability data: April to June 2017 to July to September 2017</a> has also been published. For any queries about Dataset A08 please email <a href="mailto:Labour.Market@ons.gov.uk">Labour.Market@ons.gov.uk</a></p> <p><strong>ONS methodology reports on the Labour Force Survey, published 2019</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>A report on progress to assess potential bias in the LFS through a comparison against alternative data sources including proxy labour measures from administrative data: <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/exploringtheuseofexternaldatatoassessforobservedbiasinlabourforcesurveyestimatesinterimfindings">Exploring the use of external data to assess for observed bias in Labour Force Survey estimates: interim findings</a></li> <li>An update on <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/progressagainstthelabourforcesurveynationalstatisticsqualityreviewrecommendations">Progress against the Labour Force Survey National Statistics Quality Review recommendations</a></li></ul><p><strong>LFS response to COVID-19</strong><br>Since April 2020, additional non-calendar quarter LFS microdata have been delivered to Government Departments and the wider research community through the ONS Secure Research Service and UK Data Service. The first additional microdata to be released covered the period February to April 2020, to coincide with Labour Market Statistical Bulletin publication on 16 June. Further guidance was also provided with the release of the February to April 2020 microdata. Please consult the documentation for full details. </p><p>Users should note that within the additional COVID-19 quarters, the pseudonymised variables Casenop and Hserialp may contain a significant number of missing cases (set as -9). These variables are only produced once a quarter by ONS, and so are not available in full for the additional COVID-19 datasets until the next standard calendar quarter is produced. It is intended that the Casenop and Hserialp variables in the COVID-19 datasets will be updated at the release of the next standard calendar quarter, when the values for the missing cases will become available. Users should also note that the Income Weight variable, PIWT, is not available in the non-standard quarters, although the Person Weight (PWT) is included.</p><p><strong>Weighting methodology information, May 2021</strong></p><p> </p><p>Following advice from ONS Labour Market Division regarding concerns over the estimates for Ethnicity, COB, Nationality and Disability from the LFS and APS, users are advised that levels and changes in levels should be used with caution. Rates published from the LFS and APS remain robust. This will particularly affect estimates for country of birth, nationality, ethnicity and disability, so any analysis using levels for these topics should be suppressed.<br><br>LFS and APS responses are weighted to official 2018-based population projections on demographic trends that pre-date the coronavirus pandemic. In the Labour Market Division's <a title="Coronavirus and the impact on payroll employment" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/coronavirusandtheimpactonpayrollemployment/experimentalanalysis">Coronavirus and the impact on payroll employment</a>&nbsp;article, analysis of the population totals currently used in the LFS weighting process is explained, and the intention to continue to make adjustments when appropriate.<br><br>The document <a title="Labour Force Survey weighting methodology" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/methodologies/labourforcesurveyweightingmethodology">Labour Force Survey weighting methodology</a>&nbsp;details the reweighting methodology and includes release dates for reweighted estimates.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files</span><br> </p><p>The ONS have identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. None of ONS' headline statistics, other than those directly sourced from occupational data, are affected and you can continue to rely on their accuracy. For further information on this issue, please see: <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/news/statementsandletters/occupationaldatainonssurveys">https://www.ons.gov.uk/news/statementsandletters/occupationaldatainonssurveys</a>.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">2022 weighting</span></p><p>The population totals used for the latest LFS estimates use projected growth rates from Real Time Information (RTI) data for UK, EU and non-EU populations based on 2021 patterns. The total population used for the LFS therefore does not take into account any changes in migration, birth rates, death rates, and so on since June 2021, and hence levels estimates may be under- or over-estimating the true values and should be used with caution. Estimates of rates will, however, be robust.</p><p></p><ul> </ul> This study was deposited in 2008, as a result of the move from seasonal to calendar quarters for the QLFS, and the reweighting process to 2007-2008 population figures. It combines data from previously-available QLFS seasonal quarter datasets. The depositor has advised that small revisions to the data may have been made during this process, but they should not be significant.<br> <br> For the second edition (October 2009), a new version of the data file was supplied with amendments made to the variable Hiquap, in order to correct previous reported problems.<br> <br> <i>Variables Refwkd, Refwkm, Refwky and Calweek amended:</i><br> During November 2009, the ONS supplied syntax to resolve issues discovered in variables Refwkd, Refwkm, Refwky (reference week date, month and year) and Calweek (calendar week), which affected Northern Ireland cases. The issues had arisen due to misalignment between week number and Refwkd/Refwkm/Refwky, and had meant that when week number was used to create calendar quarters from seasonal quarters, for some cases Refwkd, Refwkm and Refwky fell outside the target calendar quarter. The syntax supplied has been used to correct the issue; users whose analysis has been adversely affected should download a new version of the dataset.<br> <B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><div>The QLFS questionnaire comprises a 'core' of questions which are included in every survey, together with some 'non-core' questions which vary from quarter to quarter.</div><div><br></div><div>The questionnaire can be split into two main parts. The first part contains questions on the respondent's household, family structure, basic housing information and demographic details of household members. The second part contains questions covering economic activity, education and health, and also may include a few questions asked on behalf of other government departments (for example the Department for Work and Pensions and the Home Office). Until 1997, the questions on health covered mainly problems which affected the respondent's work. From that quarter onwards, the questions cover all health problems. Detailed questions on income have also been included in each quarter since 1993. The basic questionnaire is revised each year, and a new version published, along with a transitional version that details changes from the previous year's questionnaire.</div>
URI:	https://t2-4.bsc.es/jspui/handle/123456789/64170
Other Identifiers:	5871 10.5255/UKDA-SN-5871-1 http://doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-5871-1
Appears in Collections:	Cessda

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